its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one. Rhetorician Edward Corbett offers this distinction between zeugma and syllepsis:
in zeugma, unlike syllepsis, the single word does not fit grammatically
or idiomatically with one member of the pair. Thus, in Corbett’s view,
the first example below would be syllepsis, the second zeugma.
Examples:
(Star Trek: The Next Generation)
(Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried) ..
shot and killed outside Than Khe, and he went down under an exceptional
burden, more than 20 pounds of ammunition, plus the flak jacket and
helmet and rations and water and toilet paper and tranquilizers and all
the rest, plus an unweighed fear.”
(Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried)
(Allison Janney as C.J. Cregg in The West Wing)
(Alanis Morissette, “Head over Feet”)
(catchphrase of British TV entertainer Bruce Forsyth)
(Cormac McCarthy, The Road, 2006)
(Hillary Clinton, March 2008)
(David Foster Wallace)
(Ovid)
(William Shakespeare, Macbeth I.i)
Which . introduced me to the word syllepsis which I learned is a kind of ellipsis in which one word (usually a verb) is understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs. Adjective: sylleptic. See also zeugma.
(Uncle Fester in Addams Family Values, 1993)
(E.B. White, “Dog Training”)
know, for example, that International Business Machines makes business
machines; and Ford Motors makes Fords; and Sara Lee makes us fat.”
(Dave Barry, “Dave’s World,” April 8, 2001)
is operated by depressing the keys of the machine and the spirits of
the audience.”
(Ambrose Bierce, A Devil’s Dictionary)
(James Thurber, The Years with Ross, 1959)
(E.B. White, “On a Florida Key”)
them free, using can openers and knives and screwdrivers and petulance.”
(E.B. White, “On a Florida Key”)
(Tyler Hilton, “You, My Love”)
(Alanis Morrissette, “Head Over Feet”)
(bumper sticker)
And to Anadiplosis which is a term for the
repetition of the last word of one line or clause to begin the next.Anadiplosis often leads to climax (see also gradatio). Note that a chiasmus includes anadiplosis, but not every anadiplosis reverses itself in the manner of a chiasmus. Like
leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering. I sense much fear in you.”
(Frank Oz as Yoda in Star Wars Episode 1: The Phantom Menance)
waiting for coffee and the charitable crumb . . .”
(Elizabeth Bishop, “A Miracle for Breakfast”)
(Walt Whitman)
(Henry James)
With God, whose puppets, best and worst,
Are we.”
(Robert Browning, Pippa Passes)
waste of breath the years behind.”
(William Butler Yeats, “An Irish Airman Foresees his Death,”)
performance is sub-standard. Sub-standard performance is not permitted
to exist.”
(Queeg in The Caine Mutiny, by Herman Wouk)
(Howard Griffin, Black Like Me)
(Dylan Thomas on Wales)
(Dr. Seuss, Green Eggs and Ham)
(advertising slogan for Jaeger Sportswear)
(Commodus in the movie Gladiator, 2000)
That lead me to gradatio which is a sentence construction in which the last word of one clause becomes
the first of the next, through three or more clauses (an extended form
of anadiplosis). See also:
worketh patience; and patience, experience; and experience, hope: and
hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abroad in our
hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us.”
(Paul, Romans 5:3)
a habit. If you sow a habit, you reap a character. And if you sow a
character, you reap a destiny.”
(anonymous, quoted by Samuel Smiles in Life and Labor, 1887)
(Vivian in Oscar Wilde’s “The Decay of Lying”)
All our ignorance brings us nearer to death,
But nearness to death no nearer to God.”
(T. S. Eliot, Choruses from “The Rock”)
It takes a hen to make an egg
There is no end to what I’m saying
It takes a thought to make a word
And it takes a word to make an action.”
(Jason Mraz, “Life is Wonderful”)
(Yoda, Star Wars: Episode I)
(Chung Mee in the film Volunteers, 1985)
became a gladiator; the gladiator who defied an Emperor. Striking
story.”
(Joaquin Phoenix in the film Gladiator)
It’s amazing what you can learn by hanging out wiht english majors in the rain !
nite all, nite Sam
-me